Daniel Hruska Thawj cov cuab yeej uas muaj Apple tus kheej nti yog lub iPad hauv xyoo 2010. Lub sijhawm ntawd, A4 processor muaj ib qho tseem ceeb thiab nws qhov kev ua tau zoo tsis tuaj yeem muab piv rau cov tiam tam sim no. Tau tsib xyoos, kuj tau muaj lus xaiv txog kev koom ua ke ntawm cov chips no rau hauv Mac computers. Raws li mobile chips nce lawv cov kev ua tau zoo txhua xyoo, lawv qhov kev xa tawm ntawm desktops yog lub ntsiab lus nthuav dav.
Lub xyoo dhau los 64-ntsis A7 processor twb tau sau npe tias "desktop-class", txhais tau tias nws zoo li cov processors loj dua li cov xov tooj ntawm tes. Qhov tseeb thiab haib tshaj processor - A8X - tau muab tso rau hauv lub iPad Air 2. Nws muaj peb cores, muaj peb billion transistors thiab nws cov kev ua tau zoo sib npaug rau Intel Core i5-4250U los ntawm MacBook Cua Mid-2013. Yog lawm, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis hais dab tsi txog qhov nrawm ntawm lub cuab yeej, tab sis tsawg kawg lawv tuaj yeem ua rau ntau tus neeg siv khoom siv niaj hnub no tsuas yog polished number case nrog lub vijtsam kov.
Apple yeej paub nws tus kheej ARM chips, yog li vim li cas ho tsis muab koj lub computer nrog lawv thiab? Raws li tus kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas Ming-Chi Kuo ntawm KGI Securities, peb tuaj yeem pom thawj Macs khiav ntawm ARM processors thaum ntxov li 2016. Thawj tus muaj peev xwm processor tuaj yeem yog 16nm A9X, ua raws li 10nm A10X ib xyoos tom qab. Cov lus nug tshwm sim, vim li cas Apple yuav tsum txiav txim siab ua cov kauj ruam no thaum cov txheej txheem los ntawm Intel tab tom ua rau sab saum toj?
Vim li cas ARM processors ua rau kev nkag siab
Thawj qhov laj thawj yuav yog Intel nws tus kheej. Tsis yog tias muaj ib yam dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm, tab sis Apple ib txwm ua raws li cov lus qhia: "Ib lub tuam txhab tsim software yuav tsum ua nws cov khoom siv kho vajtse zoo li no - koj tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua ob qho tib si software thiab kho vajtse mus rau qib siab tshaj. Hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, Apple tau pom qhov no ncaj qha.
Nws tsis pub leejtwg paub tias Apple nyiam tswj hwm. Kev kaw Intel yuav txhais tau tias ua kom yooj yim thiab ua kom yooj yim rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem tsim khoom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav txo tus nqi ntawm kev tsim cov chips. Txawm hais tias tam sim no kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob lub tuam txhab muaj ntau tshaj qhov zoo - koj yuav tsis cia siab rau ib leeg thaum koj paub tias koj tuaj yeem tsim tau ib yam ntawm tus nqi qis. Dab tsi ntxiv, koj yuav tswj hwm tag nrho cov kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm koj tus kheej, tsis tas yuav tsum tau cia siab rau tus thib peb.
Tej zaum kuv ua nws luv luv, tab sis nws muaj tseeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsis yog thawj zaug uas qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom processor yuav tshwm sim. Xyoo 1994 nws yog kev hloov pauv ntawm Motorola 68000 mus rau IBM PowerPC, tom qab ntawd mus rau Intel x2006 hauv 86. Apple yeej tsis ntshai ntawm kev hloov. 2016 cim 10 xyoo txij li hloov mus rau Intel. Ib xyoo caum hauv IT yog lub sijhawm ntev, txhua yam tuaj yeem hloov pauv.
Niaj hnub no cov khoos phis tawj muaj lub zog txaus thiab tuaj yeem muab piv rau cov tsheb. Txhua lub tsheb niaj hnub yuav coj koj ntawm point A mus rau point B yam tsis muaj teeb meem. Rau kev caij tsheb tsis tu ncua, yuav ib qho nrog tus nqi zoo tshaj / kev ua tau zoo thiab nws yuav pab koj zoo ntawm tus nqi pheej yig. Yog tias koj tsav tsheb ntau zaus thiab txuas ntxiv, yuav lub tsheb hauv chav kawm siab dua thiab tej zaum nrog kev sib kis tsis siv neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, cov nqi kho mob yuav siab dua me ntsis. Off-road, koj tuaj yeem yuav ib yam dab tsi nrog 4 × 4 tsav lossis lub tsheb ncaj nraim, tab sis nws yuav tau siv tsis tu ncua thiab cov nqi ntawm nws txoj haujlwm yuav siab.
Lub ntsiab lus yog tias lub tsheb me me lossis lub tsheb ntawm cov chav nruab nrab qis yog qhov txaus txaus rau feem ntau. Analogously, rau cov neeg siv feem ntau, lub laptop "zoo tib yam" yog txaus los saib cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv YouTube, sib qhia cov duab hauv Facebook, kos e-mail, ua si suab paj nruag, sau ib daim ntawv hauv Lo Lus, luam tawm PDF. Apple's MacBook Air thiab Mac mini yog tsim los rau kev siv hom no, txawm hais tias lawv tuaj yeem siv tau rau kev ua haujlwm ntau dua-xav tau kev ua ub no.
Cov neeg siv xav tau ntau dua nyiam mus txog rau MacBook Pro lossis iMac, uas tom qab txhua tus muaj kev ua tau zoo dua. Cov neeg siv zoo li no tuaj yeem hloov kho cov yeeb yaj kiab lossis ua haujlwm nrog cov duab kos. Qhov kev xav tau tshaj plaws ntawm qhov xav tau ncav cuag rau kev ua haujlwm tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm tus nqi tsim nyog, piv txwv li Mac Pro. Yuav muaj qhov kev txiav txim siab tsawg dua li ntawm tag nrho lwm cov qauv hais, ib yam li cov tsheb tawm ntawm kev tsav tsheb tsawg dua Fabia, Octavia thiab lwm lub tsheb nrov.
Yog li, yog tias yav tom ntej Apple yuav tuaj yeem tsim cov ARM processor xws li nws yuav muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm nws (thaum xub thawj, tej zaum xav tau tsawg dua) cov neeg siv, vim li cas ho tsis siv nws los khiav OS X? Xws li lub khoos phis tawj yuav muaj roj teeb lub neej ntev thiab tuaj yeem pom tau tias yuav txias txias, vim nws tsis tshua muaj zog thiab tsis "kub" ntau npaum li cas.
Vim li cas ARM processors tsis ua rau muaj kev nkag siab
Macs nrog ARM chips yuav tsis muaj zog txaus los khiav Rosetta-zoo li txheej los khiav x86 daim ntawv thov. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, Apple yuav tsum tau pib los ntawm kos, thiab cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum rov sau lawv cov apps nrog kev siv zog ntau. Ib qho tsis tuaj yeem sib cav seb cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm cov ntawv thov nrov tshaj plaws thiab kev tshaj lij yuav txaus siab ua cov kauj ruam no. Tab sis leej twg paub, tej zaum Apple tau nrhiav txoj hauv kev los ua x86 apps ua haujlwm zoo ntawm "ARM OS X".
Lub symbiosis nrog Intel ua haujlwm zoo kawg nkaus, tsis muaj laj thawj tsim dab tsi tshiab. Cov processors los ntawm qhov loj heev silicon no yog nyob rau sab saum toj, thiab nrog rau txhua tiam lawv cov kev ua tau zoo nce nrog qis zog noj. Kua siv Core i5 rau cov qauv qis tshaj plaws ntawm Mac, Core i7 rau cov qauv kim dua lossis cov qauv kev cai, thiab Mac Pro tau nruab nrog Xeons muaj zog heev. Yog li koj yuav tau txais lub zog txaus, qhov xwm txheej zoo tagnrho. Apple tuaj yeem pom nws tus kheej hauv qhov xwm txheej uas tsis muaj leej twg xav tau nws cov khoos phis tawj thaum nws tawg nrog Intel.
Yog li yuav ua li cas?
Tau kawg, tsis muaj leej twg sab nraud paub qhov ntawd. Yog tias kuv tau saib tag nrho cov xwm txheej los ntawm Apple qhov kev xav, kuv yeej nyiam nws ib zaug cov chips zoo sib xws tau muab tso rau hauv tag nrho kuv cov khoom siv. Thiab yog tias kuv muaj peev xwm tsim lawv rau cov khoom siv txawb, kuv xav xyaum tib yam rau cov khoos phis tawj thiab. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv ua tau zoo nyob rau lub sijhawm no txawm tias cov txheej txheem tam sim no, uas tau muab rau kuv los ntawm tus khub muaj zog, txawm hais tias qhov kev tso tawm ntawm 12-nti MacBook Cua tshiab yuav raug ncua raws li qhov tseeb vim tias Intel ncua sijhawm nrog cov lus qhia. ntawm cov tiam tshiab ntawm processors.
Kuv puas tuaj yeem nqa cov txheej txheem muaj zog txaus uas tsawg kawg yuav yog qib ntawm cov neeg hauv Macbook Cua? Yog tias muaj, tom qab ntawd kuv puas tuaj yeem siv tau (lossis tuaj yeem tsim kho) ARM hauv cov khoos phis tawj tshaj lij? Kuv tsis xav kom muaj ob hom computers. Tib lub sijhawm, kuv yuav tsum muaj thev naus laus zis los khiav x86 daim ntawv thov ntawm ARM Mac, vim tias cov neeg siv yuav xav siv lawv cov ntawv thov nyiam. Yog tias kuv muaj nws thiab kuv paub tseeb tias nws yuav ua haujlwm, kuv yuav tso tawm ARM-based Mac. Txwv tsis pub, kuv yuav lo nrog Intel tam sim no.
Thiab tej zaum nws yuav txawv kiag li thaum kawg. Raws li rau kuv, kuv tsis tshua mob siab txog hom processor hauv kuv Mac tsuav yog nws muaj zog txaus rau kuv txoj haujlwm. Yog li yog tias qhov tseeb Mac muaj ARM processor nrog kev ua tau zoo sib npaug rau Core i5, kuv yuav tsis muaj ib qho teeb meem tsis yuav nws. Ua li cas rau koj, koj puas xav tias Apple muaj peev xwm tshaj tawm Mac nrog nws cov processor hauv ob peb xyoos tom ntej no?
ARM txhais tau hais tias pov 99.9% ntawm cov software siv tau hauv lub thawv thiab siv lub khoos phis tawj nkaus xwb rau kev nyeem email, Facebook thiab npau taws noog (yog, kuv txaus siab rau exaggerating), thiab kuv vam tias tsis muaj leej twg tsis yog tag nrho cov coot yuav tso cai rau qhov ntawd. Hloov mus rau Intel yooj yim ntau yam. Tom qab tag nrho, ob peb tug neeg nyob rau hauv lub scientific sphere mus rau Macy. Qhov ntawd yog kuv qhov kev xav.
Tsiv mus rau ARM txhais tau hais tias qhov kev poob loj ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab kev nyem ntau dua rau hauv ib qho kev tiv thaiv nruj ntawm cov ntawv xaiv ua ntej. Ntxiv rau qhov kev npaj tshem tawm USB chaw nres nkoj los ntawm Macbook Cua thiab lwm cov tswv yim, thiab qhov tshwm sim yog lub khoos phis tawj uas tsuas yog siv tau nrog nws tus kheej, thiab tej zaum txawm tias tom qab ntawd. Rau kuv nws yuav txhais tau tias qhov kawg ntawm MAC raws li kuv nyiam:-( Tab sis leej twg paub, kev hloov pauv yog lub neej ...
Vim li cas thiaj muaj qhov tsis muaj zog tshaj iMac thiab mini hauv Intel thaum lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo li tsis muaj zog li tiam dhau los?
Rau kuv, sim tsawg kawg cov qauv no thiab mus rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia zoo li nrog Retina, maj mam dej nyab ntawm cov khoom kab.
Koj tsis nco qab txog cov tiam tom ntej ntawm Intel Core M processors…
keeb kwm rov tshwm sim?
Kuv ntseeg tias nws yuav los sai sai. Kuv yuav tsis xav tsis thoob yog tias nws yog huab cua xav tau. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv rau cov neeg coob coob uas tsis ua haujlwm ntau, tab sis muaj kev lom zem thiab kas fes. Kuv kuj tuaj yeem xav txog lub emulator rau x86, thiab txij li cov kua nyob rau hauv, feem ntau cov neeg tsim khoom maj nrawm los ua tus thawj coj rov ua lawv cov software rau kho vajtse tshiab. Flusbrok yuav mus rau ntawd yog vim li cas tsis? :-)
Kuv xav tias tsuas yog drawback yuav incompatibility nrog lub qub software.
Ib qho zoo dua yog, piv txwv li, qhov ua tau poob ntawm tus nqi. Txawm tias pheej yig tshaj Macs, Intel processor nrog ib tug chipset nqi ntawm USD 250. Kua tuaj yeem ua A8, A9, ... processors hauv qab 50 USD.
Lwm qhov txiaj ntsig yuav yog siv Hlau duab API ntawm Macs. Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm plaub-ntxhais A8 nrog cov duab tam sim no yuav yog qhov chaw ntawm qib ntawm qhov tseeb game consoles.
Cov txheej txheem yooj yim ntawm macs tuaj yeem muaj ARM processors, thiab cov macs muaj zog tshaj plaws tseem tuaj yeem nyob ntawm Intel processors. Apple muaj nws lub khw app thiab nws tus kheej tsim ib puag ncig nrog nws tus kheej txhais lus. Cov kev pab cuam uas tam sim no tsuas yog siv tus qauv API muab los ntawm Apple yuav yooj yim los txhais lus rau ARM processors.
Tom qab ntawd, cov haib tshaj versions ntawm Macs yuav muaj ARM thiab Intel processors. OS X thiab iLife thiab iWorks cov kev pab cuam yuav khiav ntawm ARM processors thiab Photoshop, Premiere, Final Cut thiab lwm yam kev pab cuam tseem yuav khiav ntawm Intel processors.
Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov tsis zoo kuj tseem yuav tsis sib haum nrog cov software tshiab.
Vim li cas thiaj yuav tsum muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb nrog cov software tshiab? Kuv sau ib qho kev pab cuam rau OS X, sau nws rau Intel thiab ARM thiab xa mus rau App Store. Yog tias kuv tsuas yog siv qhov API muab los ntawm Apple, ces tsis muaj teeb meem nrog qhov ntawd. Yog tias kuv siv qee yam tshwj xeeb rau Intel processor, tau kawg nws yuav tsis ua haujlwm. Sib nrug los ntawm kev tshaj lij software uas xav tau kev ua haujlwm siab, tsis muaj laj thawj rau qhov no.
Tus neeg siv pib lub App Store, rub tawm cov version ntawm qhov kev pab cuam rau nws lub processor thiab siv nws.
Kuv ib zaug nyeem ib tsab xov xwm tias thaum lawv sim OS X ntawm Intel processor, lawv yuav cov Sony Vaio kim tshaj plaws lawv tuaj yeem nrhiav tau hauv khw, thiab nws ua haujlwm hauv ob hnub. Hauv ob lub lis piam, txawm tias cov kev pab cuam yooj yim los ntawm Apple tuaj.
Cov lus nug tseem ceeb yog qhov twg Apple yuav tuaj yeem ua kom tau txais kev khiav ntawm x86 cov kev pab cuam ntawm ARM. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev siv tuam txhab, tsawg kawg yog qee zaus siv qee yam ntawm Windows yog qhov tseem ceeb. Yog li yog tias x86 Windows virtualization tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm ARM yam tsis muaj qhov tsis pom kev ua tau zoo, pom meej tias cov neeg siv yuav tsis xav txog dab tsi processor yog lub cev muaj qhov tshwm sim. Tab sis kuv ntshai nws yuav tsis ua yam tsis muaj qhov xav tau rau emulation thiab qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ua haujlwm poob. Tab sis leej twg paub. Piv txwv li, Cupertino tau tswj kom nrhiav tau ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua raws li cov txheej txheem processor hauv txoj hauv kev xws li khaws cia cov kev ua haujlwm siab thiab lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem zoo li no.
Apple tsis tas yuav ruaj ntseg nws. Nws twb muaj nws lub khw app. Nws yog txaus los xyuas kom meej tias cov neeg tsim khoom muaj sijhawm los hloov kho lawv cov kev pab cuam rau ARM, uas yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj teeb meem. Thiab ntawm qee kis kuv yuav twv yuav raug muag Macs nrog Intel processors.
Yuav tsum muaj ARM core tshiab rau xyoo tom ntej thiab qhov kev ua tau zoo yuav tsum yog 3.5 npaug siab dua li tam sim no, yog li emulation tuaj yeem kov yeej.
Kuv tuaj yeem xav txog tias xyoo tom ntej ntawm WWDC, Apple yuav qhia OS X ntawm ARM processors, muab cov tsim tawm mac mini nrog ARM processor los sim lawv cov kev pabcuam, thiab qee zaum ib nrab xyoo ua ntej Christmas, lawv yuav pib muag cov qauv ntawm mac mini. , macbook cua thiab iMac nrog ARM processors. Thiab ib xyoos tom qab, Intel yuav tawm hauv cov txheej txheem tsuas yog hauv 15 "macbook pro, 27" iMac thiab Mac Pro. Thiab qee zaum hauv 2-3 xyoos Intel yuav tawm ntawm lub processor nkaus xwb hauv Mac Pro.
Vim li cas qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb? Windows 10 tam sim no tseem yuav khiav ntawm ARM. Trď yog ib qho tshiab ntawm RasPi 2 nrog ARM SoC los ntawm BroadCom, thiab Windows yuav tsum khiav qhov ntawd. Yog li kuv pom tsis muaj laj thawj vim li cas ho tsis ARM ntawm Mac. Cov ntawv thov IBM PowerPC kuj tau sau dua tshiab thiab muab tso ua ke rau x86 cov lus qhia thaum Apple pib nrog Intel. Rau Apple, ARM architecture yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua nyob rau hauv kev coj ua ntxiv me me thiab sib dua, cov tshuab hloov maj mam, thiab nrog cov thev naus laus zis loj, txawm tias muaj ntau lub cores, lub roj teeb yuav kav ntev dua. Nws yuav siv nws tib lub chips hla iPhones, iPads, Macs, Apple TVs, thiab txhua yam nws muaj tam sim no.
Tshwj xeeb yog li ntawd lawv tuaj yeem ua kom zoo kom zoo thaum khiav ntawm HW sib txawv.