Filip Novotny Tsis ntev ua ntej tshaj tawm thawj iPhone, Steve Jobs hu rau nws cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab npau taws txog ib pawg ntawm cov khawb uas tshwm sim ntawm tus qauv uas nws tau siv tom qab ob peb lub lis piam. Nws yog qhov tseeb tias nws tsis tuaj yeem siv cov iav txheem, yog li Cov Haujlwm tau koom tes nrog lub tuam txhab iav Corning. Txawm li cas los xij, nws keeb kwm rov qab mus tob rau hauv lub xyoo pua xeem.
Nws tag nrho pib nrog ib qho kev sim ua tsis tiav. Muaj ib hnub hauv xyoo 1952, Corning Glass Works chemist Don Stookey tau sim cov qauv ntawm cov iav photosensitive thiab muab tso rau hauv 600 ° C rauv. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sijhawm kuaj, qhov yuam kev tau tshwm sim hauv ib qho ntawm cov tswj hwm thiab qhov kub tau nce mus txog 900 ° C. Stookey xav tias yuav pom cov iav molten thiab lub qhov cub tawg tom qab qhov yuam kev no. Hloov chaw, txawm li cas los xij, nws pom tias nws tus qauv tau hloov mus ua ib lub pob zeb dawb. Thaum nws sim lob nws, tus pincers plam thiab poob rau hauv av. Es tsis txhob tawg rau hauv av, nws rebounded.
Don Stookey tsis paub nws thaum lub sijhawm, tab sis nws nyuam qhuav tsim thawj cov iav hluavtaws; Corning tom qab hu ua cov khoom no Pyroceram. Lub teeb dua li txhuas, nyuaj dua li cov pa roj carbon monoxide, thiab ntau zaus muaj zog dua li cov dej qab zib-kua txiv iav zoo tib yam, nws sai sai pom siv txhua yam los ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws mus rau cov chaw kuaj tshuaj. Nws kuj tau siv hauv microwave ncu, thiab xyoo 1959 Pyroceram nkag mus hauv tsev hauv daim ntawv ntawm CorningWare cookware.
Cov khoom siv tshiab no yog ib qho txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb rau Corning thiab tau qhib qhov project Muscle, kev tshawb fawb loj heev los nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev los ua kom tawv nqaij iav. Ib qho txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb tau tshwm sim thaum cov kws tshawb fawb tau los nrog ib txoj hauv kev ntxiv dag zog rau iav los ntawm kev muab nws tso rau hauv ib qho dej kub ntawm poov tshuaj ntsev. Lawv pom tias thaum lawv ntxiv aluminium oxide rau iav muaj pes tsawg leeg ua ntej muab tso rau hauv qhov kev daws teeb meem, cov khoom siv tau zoo heev thiab ruaj khov. Cov kws tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau pib pov cov iav tawv tawv no los ntawm lawv lub tsev cuaj-zaj dab neeg thiab foob pob iav, hu ua 0317, nrog cov qaib khov. Cov iav tuaj yeem khoov thiab twist mus rau qhov txawv txav thiab tseem tiv taus qhov siab ntawm 17 kg / cm850. (Cov iav zoo ib yam tuaj yeem raug siab txog 1 kg / cm250.) Xyoo 1962, Corning pib muab cov khoom siv raws li lub npe Chemcor, ntseeg tias nws yuav pom cov ntawv thov hauv cov khoom xws li lub rooj muag xov tooj, lub qhov rais hauv tsev loj cuj, lossis tsom iav.
Txawm hais tias muaj kev txaus siab rau cov khoom thaum xub thawj, kev muag khoom tsawg. Ntau lub tuam txhab tau tso cai rau tsom iav kev nyab xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov no tau raug tshem tawm sai sai vim muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog txoj kev tawg uas lub khob tuaj yeem tawg. Chemcor seemingly tuaj yeem dhau los ua cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau lub tsheb cua; Txawm hais tias nws tau tshwm sim hauv ob peb AMC Javelins, feem ntau cov tuam ntxhab tsis ntseeg txog nws qhov zoo. Lawv tsis ntseeg tias Chemcor tsim nyog tus nqi nce, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim lawv tau ua tiav siv cov iav laminated txij li xyoo 30.
Cov duab thaij duab
Corning tau tsim ib qho tshiab tshiab uas tsis muaj leej twg xav txog. Nws yeej tsis tau pab los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas kev sib tsoo, uas qhia tau hais tias nrog windshields "cov tib neeg lub taub hau qhia tau hais tias decelerations ntau dua" - Chemcor ciaj sia unscathed, tab sis tib neeg pob txha taub hau tsis tau.
Tom qab lub tuam txhab ua tsis tiav tau sim muag cov khoom rau Ford Motors thiab lwm tus neeg tsim tsheb, Project Muscle raug txiav tawm hauv xyoo 1971 thiab cov khoom siv Chemcor xaus rau dej khov. Nws yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem uas yuav tsum tau tos qhov teeb meem zoo.
Peb nyob hauv lub xeev New York, qhov chaw uas lub tsev hauv paus tsev hauv Corning nyob. Tus thawj coj ntawm lub tuam txhab, Wendell Weeks, muaj nws qhov chaw ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv pem teb thib ob. Thiab nws yog qhov tseeb ntawm no tias Steve Jobs tau muab tsib caug-tsib lub lis piam ua haujlwm zoo li tsis yooj yim sua: tsim ntau pua txhiab square metres ntawm ultra-nyias thiab ultra-muaj zog iav uas tsis muaj nyob rau tam sim no. Thiab tsis pub dhau rau lub hlis. Zaj dab neeg ntawm kev sib koom tes no - suav nrog Txoj Haujlwm 'kev sim qhia Lub Limtiam cov ntsiab cai ntawm iav ua haujlwm li cas thiab nws txoj kev ntseeg tias lub hom phiaj tuaj yeem ua tiav - paub zoo. Yuav ua li cas Corning yeej tswj tau nws tsis paub lawm.
Lub lis piam tau koom nrog lub tuam txhab hauv xyoo 1983; Ua ntej xyoo 2005, nws tau tuav lub luag haujlwm saum toj kawg nkaus, saib xyuas kev faib TV nrog rau lub tuam tsev rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb. Nug nws txog iav thiab nws yuav qhia rau koj tias nws yog cov khoom siv zoo nkauj thiab txawv txav, lub peev xwm ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tsuas yog pib pom hnub no. Nws yuav rave txog nws "qhov tseeb" thiab qab ntxiag rau qhov kov, tsuas yog qhia koj txog nws lub cev tom qab ib ntus.
Lub Limtiam thiab Txoj Haujlwm tau qhia qhov tsis muaj zog rau kev tsim thiab kev xav nrog kev nthuav dav. Ob leeg tau txais kev sib tw loj thiab cov tswv yim. Los ntawm kev tswj hwm, txawm li cas los xij, Txoj Haujlwm yog tus tswj hwm me ntsis, thaum Lub Limtiam, ntawm qhov tod tes (zoo li ntau tus thawj coj ntawm Corning), txhawb nqa tsoomfwv ywj pheej yam tsis muaj kev saib xyuas ntau dhau. "Tsis muaj kev sib cais ntawm kuv thiab cov kws tshawb fawb ib leeg," Weeks hais.
Thiab qhov tseeb, txawm tias yog ib lub tuam txhab loj - nws muaj 29 tus neeg ua haujlwm thiab $ 000 nphom hauv cov nyiaj tau los xyoo tas los - Corning tseem ua zoo li kev lag luam me. Qhov no yog ua tau los ntawm nws cov txheeb ze nyob deb ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud, qhov kev tuag ntawm hovering nyob ib ncig ntawm 7,9% txhua xyoo, thiab tseem yog lub tuam txhab keeb kwm nto moo. (Don Stookey, tam sim no 1, thiab lwm cov lus dab neeg ntawm Corning tseem tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv txoj hauv kev thiab cov chaw sim ntawm Sullivan Park qhov chaw tshawb fawb.) "Peb txhua tus nyob ntawm no rau lub neej," luag nyav Lub Limtiam. "Peb tau paub ib leeg ntawm no tau ntev thiab tau ntsib ntau yam kev vam meej thiab tsis ua haujlwm ua ke."
Ib qho kev sib tham thawj zaug ntawm Lub Limtiam thiab Txoj Haujlwm yeej tsis muaj dab tsi ua rau iav. Nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm, Corning cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua haujlwm ntawm microprojection technology - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, txoj hauv kev zoo dua los siv hluavtaws ntsuab lasers. Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb yog tias tib neeg tsis xav saib cov duab me me ntawm lawv lub xov tooj ntawm tes txhua hnub thaum lawv xav saib cov yeeb yaj kiab lossis TV qhia, thiab qhov projection zoo li kev daws teeb meem. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum Lub Limtiam tham txog lub tswv yim nrog Cov Haujlwm, Apple tus thawj coj tau tso tseg nws tsis muaj tseeb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tau hais tias nws tab tom ua haujlwm ntawm ib yam dab tsi zoo dua - lub cuab yeej uas nws lub ntsej muag yog ua los ntawm cov zaub. Nws hu ua iPhone.
Txawm hais tias Cov Haujlwm rau txim rau cov lasers ntsuab, lawv sawv cev rau "kev tsim kho tshiab rau kev tsim kho tshiab" uas yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm Corning. Lub tuam txhab tuav xws li kev hwm rau kev sim uas nws nqis peev 10% ntawm nws cov txiaj ntsig hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob txhua xyoo. Thiab nyob rau lub sijhawm zoo thiab phem. Thaum lub ominous dot-com npuas tawg nyob rau hauv 2000 thiab Corning tus nqi poob los ntawm $ 100 ib feem rau $ 1,50, nws CEO tau lees tias cov kws tshawb fawb tsis yog tsuas yog qhov kev tshawb fawb tseem nyob hauv plawv ntawm lub tuam txhab, tab sis nws yog kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob uas ua rau nws mus. coj rov qab mus rau txoj kev vam meej.
Rebecca Henderson, tus xibfwb ntawm Harvard Business School uas tau kawm Corning keeb kwm hais tias "Nws yog ib lub tuam txhab siv thev naus laus zis tsawg heev uas tuaj yeem tsom mus rau qhov tsis tu ncua," "Qhov ntawd yog qhov yooj yim heev los hais, tab sis nyuaj ua." Ib feem ntawm qhov kev vam meej yog nyob rau hauv lub peev xwm tsis tsuas yog tsim cov thev naus laus zis tshiab, tab sis kuj los txiav txim seb yuav pib tsim lawv li cas ntawm qhov loj. Txawm hais tias Corning ua tiav ob txoj hauv kev no, nws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau xyoo los nrhiav qhov tsim nyog - thiab muaj txiaj ntsig txaus - ua lag luam rau nws cov khoom. Raws li xibfwb Henderson hais tias, kev tsim kho tshiab, raws li Corning, feem ntau txhais tau hais tias noj cov tswv yim ua tsis tiav thiab siv lawv rau lub hom phiaj sib txawv.
Lub tswv yim kom plua plav tawm Chemcor cov qauv tuaj txog xyoo 2005, ua ntej Apple txawm nkag mus rau hauv qhov kev ua si. Thaum lub sijhawm, Motorola tau tso tawm Razr V3, lub xov tooj ntawm tes clamshell uas siv iav es tsis txhob siv cov khoom siv yas nyuaj. Corning tsim ib pab pawg me uas ua haujlwm saib seb puas tuaj yeem rov kho hom 0317 iav rau siv hauv cov khoom siv xws li xov tooj ntawm tes lossis saib. Cov qauv Chemcor qub tau nyob ib ncig ntawm 4 millimeters tuab. Tej zaum lawv tuaj yeem ua rau nyias nyias. Tom qab ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb kev lag luam, lub tuam txhab kev tswj hwm tau ntseeg tias lub tuam txhab tuaj yeem ua tau nyiaj me ntsis los ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb no. Qhov project tau hu ua Gorilla Glass.
Los ntawm 2007, thaum Jobs qhia nws lub tswv yim txog cov khoom tshiab, qhov project tsis tau mus deb heev. Kua kom meej meej xav tau ntau npaum li cas ntawm 1,3 hli nyias, tshuaj toughened iav - ib yam dab tsi tsis muaj leej twg tau tsim ua ntej. Puas yog Chemcor, uas tseem tsis tau tsim tawm ntau, tuaj yeem txuas rau cov txheej txheem tsim khoom uas tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau loj? Puas yog nws muaj peev xwm ua tau cov khoom qub uas tau npaj rau lub tsheb iav ultra-thin thiab tib lub sijhawm tswj nws lub zog? Cov txheej txheem tshuaj hardening puas yuav ua tau zoo rau cov iav no? Thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, tsis muaj leej twg paub cov lus teb rau cov lus nug no. Yog li Lub Limtiam tau ua raws nraim li qhov kev pheej hmoo-averse CEO yuav ua. Nws hais tias yog.
Rau cov khoom siv thiaj li tsis muaj npe raws li qhov tseem ceeb tsis pom, niaj hnub muaj iav yog qhov nyuaj heev. Ordinary soda-lime iav yog txaus rau zus tau tej cov fwj los yog lub teeb qhov muag teev, tab sis yog heev unsuitable rau lwm yam kev siv, raws li nws muaj peev xwm tawg mus rau hauv ntse shards. Borosilicate iav xws li Pyrex yog zoo heev ntawm kev tiv thaiv thermal shock, tab sis nws melting yuav tsum tau ntau lub zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsuas muaj ob txoj hauv kev uas cov iav tuaj yeem ua tau ntau - fusion kos thev naus laus zis thiab txheej txheem hu ua floatation, nyob rau hauv uas molten iav yog poured rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm molten tin. Ib qho ntawm cov kev sib tw uas lub Hoobkas iav yuav tsum tau ntsib yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke tshiab, nrog rau txhua yam uas yuav tsum tau ua, rau cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Nws yog ib yam uas tuaj nrog ib tug qauv. Raws li nws, qhov thib ob yog ua kom cov khoom kawg.
Txawm hais tias muaj pes tsawg leeg, lub ntsiab ntawm iav yog silica (aka xuab zeb). Txij li thaum nws muaj qhov melting point siab heev (1 ° C), lwm yam tshuaj, xws li sodium oxide, yog siv los txo nws. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog iav tau yooj yim dua thiab tseem tuaj yeem tsim nws pheej yig dua. Ntau yam ntawm cov tshuaj no kuj muab cov khoom tshwj xeeb rau cov iav, xws li tiv thaiv X-rays lossis kub kub, muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam lub teeb lossis tawg xim. Txawm li cas los xij, cov teeb meem tshwm sim thaum cov khoom sib xyaw hloov pauv: qhov kev hloov me ntsis tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom sib txawv radically. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj siv cov khoom siv ntom ntom xws li barium lossis lanthanum, koj yuav ua tiav qhov kev txo qis hauv qhov melting point, tab sis koj khiav qhov kev pheej hmoo tias cov khoom kawg yuav tsis ua kom zoo ib yam. Thiab thaum koj ntxiv dag zog rau cov iav, koj kuj ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm tawg tawg yog tias nws tawg. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, iav yog ib yam khoom uas txiav txim los ntawm kev sib haum xeeb. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb vim li cas cov khoom sib xyaw, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas tau hloov mus rau cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tshwj xeeb, yog qhov kev tiv thaiv tsis pub leej twg paub.
Ib qho ntawm cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov iav yog nws qhov txias. Hauv kev tsim khoom loj ntawm cov qauv iav, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom txias cov khoom maj mam thiab sib npaug kom txo qis kev ntxhov siab sab hauv uas yuav ua rau cov iav tawg yooj yim dua. Nrog tempered iav, ntawm qhov tod tes, lub hom phiaj yog ntxiv qhov nro ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nrauv ntawm cov khoom. Cov iav tempering tuaj yeem ua rau lub iav muaj zog: lub iav yog thawj zaug kom sov kom txog thaum nws softens thiab ces nws sab nrauv yog sharply txias. Cov txheej txheej sab nrauv shrinks sai, thaum sab hauv tseem tseem molten. Thaum lub sij hawm txias, cov txheej sab hauv sim ntsws, yog li ua rau sab nrauv. Ib qho kev ntxhov siab yog tsim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom thaum lub nto yog densified txawm ntau. Tempered iav tuaj yeem tawg yog tias peb tau txais los ntawm txheej txheej txheej siab mus rau hauv qhov kev ntxhov siab. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias cov iav hardening muaj nws qhov txwv. Qhov siab tshaj plaws tuaj yeem nce hauv lub zog ntawm cov khoom yog nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm nws qhov shrinkage thaum txias; feem ntau compositions shrink tsuas yog me ntsis.
Kev sib raug zoo ntawm compression thiab kev ntxhov siab yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm qhov kev sim hauv qab no: los ntawm cov iav molten rau hauv cov dej khov nab kuab, peb tsim cov teardrop-zoo li formations, qhov tuab tshaj plaws uas muaj peev xwm tiv taus ntau qhov siab, nrog rau kev rov ua dua rauj. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov nyias nyias ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov tee yog qhov yooj yim dua. Thaum peb tawg nws, cov chaw txua txiag zeb yuav ya mus los ntawm tag nrho cov khoom ntawm qhov ceev tshaj 3 km / h, yog li tso tawm qhov nro sab hauv. Kev tawg. Qee zaum, qhov tsim tuaj yeem tawg nrog lub zog zoo li no uas nws emits lub teeb ntawm lub teeb.
Tshuaj tempering ntawm iav, ib txoj kev tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 60s, tsim ib txheej siab ib yam li tempering, tab sis los ntawm ib tug txheej txheem hu ua ion pauv. Aluminosilicate iav, xws li Gorilla Glass, muaj silica, txhuas, magnesium, thiab sodium. Thaum immersed nyob rau hauv molten poov tshuaj ntsev, lub khob heats thiab expands. Sodium thiab potassium sib koom ib kem nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub ntsiab lus thiab yog li coj zoo sib xws. Qhov kub siab los ntawm cov ntsev ntsev ua rau muaj kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm sodium ions los ntawm iav, thiab potassium ions, ntawm qhov tod tes, tuaj yeem coj lawv qhov chaw tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Txij li thaum cov poov tshuaj ions loj dua hydrogen ions, lawv muaj ntau dua nyob rau tib qhov chaw. Raws li cov iav txias, nws condenses ntau dua, tsim kom muaj txheej txheej siab ntawm qhov chaw. (Corning xyuas kom meej txawm tias ion pauv los ntawm kev tswj cov yam ntxwv xws li kub thiab lub sijhawm.) Piv nrog rau iav tempering, tshuaj hardening guarantees compressive siab dua nyob rau hauv txheej txheej (yog li lav txog li plaub zaug lub zog) thiab tuaj yeem siv rau iav ntawm ib qho twg. thickness thiab puab.
Thaum kawg ntawm lub Peb Hlis, cov kws tshawb fawb muaj cov qauv tshiab yuav luag npaj txhij. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tseem yuav tsum xav txog ib txoj hauv kev tsim khoom. Kev tsim cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tshiab tau tawm ntawm cov lus nug vim nws yuav siv sijhawm ntau xyoo. Txhawm rau ua kom tau raws li lub sijhawm teem tseg los ntawm Apple, ob tus kws tshawb fawb, Adam Ellison thiab Matt Dejneka, tau ua haujlwm nrog kev hloov kho thiab kho cov txheej txheem uas lub tuam txhab twb tau siv ua tiav. Lawv xav tau ib yam dab tsi uas yuav tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj nuj nqis loj ntawm nyias, ntshiab iav hauv ib lub lis piam.
Cov kws tshawb fawb yeej muaj ib qho kev xaiv: cov txheej txheem kos duab fusion. (Muaj ntau cov thev naus laus zis tshiab hauv kev lag luam tshiab no, cov npe uas feem ntau tseem tsis tau muaj qhov sib npaug Czech.) Thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem no, molten iav yog nchuav rau hauv ib qho tshwj xeeb wedge hu ua "isopipe". Cov iav overflows ntawm ob sab ntawm lub thicker ib feem ntawm lub wedge thiab koom dua nyob rau hauv qis qis sab. Nws mam li taug kev ntawm cov chais uas nws ceev yog precisely teem. Qhov lawv txav nrawm dua, lub iav yuav thinner.
Ib lub chaw ua haujlwm uas siv cov txheej txheem no nyob hauv Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Thaum pib ntawm xyoo 2007, ceg no tau khiav ntawm lub peev xwm tag nrho, thiab nws lub tank xya tsib-meter tau nqa 450 kg ntawm iav npaj rau LCD panels rau TVs hauv ntiaj teb txhua teev. Ib qho ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam no tuaj yeem txaus rau thawj qhov kev thov los ntawm Apple. Tab sis ua ntej nws yog tsim nyog los kho cov qauv ntawm cov qub Chemcor compositions. Tsis tsuas yog lub iav yuav tsum yog 1,3 hli nyias, nws kuj yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua los saib dua, hais, lub rooj muag khoom xov tooj. Elisson thiab nws pab neeg muaj rau lub lis piam kom ua tiav nws. Txhawm rau kom cov iav hloov pauv hauv cov txheej txheem "fusion kos", nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau nws kom hloov tau yooj yim txawm tias qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov teeb meem yog tias txhua yam koj ua los txhim kho elasticity kuj tseem ua rau kom lub melting point. Los ntawm tweaking ob peb cov khoom xyaw uas twb muaj lawm thiab ntxiv ib qho khoom tsis pub lwm tus paub, cov kws tshawb fawb tuaj yeem txhim kho viscosity thaum muab hluav taws xob ntau dua hauv iav thiab sib pauv ion sai dua. Lub tank tau pib thaum lub Tsib Hlis 2007. Thaum Lub Rau Hli, nws tau tsim cov iav Gorilla txaus los sau plaub qhov chaw ncaws pob.
Hauv tsib xyoos, Gorilla Glass tau dhau los ntawm cov khoom siv me me mus rau tus qauv zoo nkauj - kev faib me me uas cais peb lub cev ntawm lub neej virtual uas peb nqa mus rau hauv peb lub hnab ris. Peb kov cov iav txheej sab nrauv thiab peb lub cev kaw lub voj voog ntawm cov electrode thiab nws cov neeg nyob ze, hloov mus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Gorilla tam sim no tau nthuav tawm ntau dua 750 cov khoom lag luam los ntawm 33 lub npe thoob ntiaj teb, suav nrog laptops, ntsiav tshuaj, smartphones thiab TVs. Yog tias koj niaj hnub khiav koj tus ntiv tes hla ib lub cuab yeej, tej zaum koj twb paub txog Gorilla Glass.
Corning cov nyiaj tau los tau nce siab ntau xyoo, txij li $ 20 lab hauv 2007 txog $ 700 lab hauv 2011. Thiab nws zoo li yuav muaj lwm yam siv tau rau iav. Eckersley O'Callaghan, uas nws cov neeg tsim qauv yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov tsos ntawm ntau lub khw Apple lub cim, tau ua pov thawj qhov no hauv kev xyaum. Thaum lub xyoo London Design Festival, lawv tau nthuav tawm cov duab puab ua los ntawm Gorilla Glass nkaus xwb. Qhov no thaum kawg tuaj yeem rov tshwm sim ntawm automotive windshields. Lub tuam txhab tam sim no tab tom sib tham txog nws txoj kev siv hauv kev ua si tsheb.
Qhov xwm txheej nyob ib puag ncig iav zoo li cas niaj hnub no? Hauv Harrodsburg, cov tshuab tshwj xeeb niaj hnub thauj lawv mus rau hauv cov thawv ntoo, tsheb thauj mus rau Louisville, thiab xa lawv los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau mus rau West Coast. Thaum nyob ntawd, cov ntawv iav tau muab tso rau hauv cov nkoj thauj khoom thiab thauj mus rau cov chaw tsim khoom hauv Suav teb uas lawv tau dhau los ua ntau yam txheej txheem kawg. Ua ntej lawv muab cov poov tshuaj kub da dej thiab tom qab ntawd lawv txiav rau hauv cov duab plaub me me.
Tau kawg, txawm tias tag nrho nws cov khoom siv yees siv, Gorilla Glass tuaj yeem ua tsis tiav, thiab qee zaum txawm tias "zoo". Nws tawg thaum peb tso lub xov tooj, nws hloov mus ua kab laug sab thaum nws khoov, nws tawg thaum peb zaum ntawm nws. Nws tseem yog iav tom qab tag nrho. Thiab yog vim li cas thiaj li muaj ib pab neeg me hauv Corning uas siv sij hawm ntau hnub los rhuav tshem nws.
"Peb hu nws rau Norwegian rauj," hais tias Jaymin Amin thaum nws rub lub tog raj hlau loj tawm ntawm lub thawv. Cov cuab yeej no feem ntau yog siv los ntawm aeronautical engineers los ntsuam xyuas lub zog ntawm aluminium fuselage ntawm aircraft. Amin, uas yog tus saib xyuas kev txhim kho ntawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, ncab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav hauv lub rauj thiab tso tawm tag nrho 2 joules ntawm lub zog rau hauv daim ntawv millimeter-thin iav. Xws li kev quab yuam yuav tsim ib qho chaw loj hauv cov ntoo, tab sis tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tshwm sim rau lub khob.
Kev vam meej ntawm Gorilla Glass txhais tau hais tias muaj ntau yam teeb meem rau Corning. Thawj thawj zaug hauv nws cov keeb kwm, lub tuam txhab yuav tsum tau ntsib qhov kev thov siab rau cov khoom tshiab ntawm nws cov khoom: txhua zaus nws tso tawm cov iav tshiab, nws yuav tsum tau saib xyuas seb nws coj li cas ntawm kev ntseeg tau thiab muaj zog ncaj qha rau hauv cov iav. teb. Txog qhov kawg, Amin pab neeg sau ntau pua lub xov tooj ntawm tes tawg. "Qhov kev puas tsuaj, txawm tias nws yog me lossis loj, yuav luag ib txwm pib nyob rau tib qhov chaw," hais tias tus kws tshawb fawb Kevin Reiman, taw rau qhov yuav luag pom tsis pom ntawm HTC Wildfire, ib qho ntawm ntau lub xov tooj tawg ntawm lub rooj ntawm nws xub ntiag. Thaum koj pom qhov tawg no, koj tuaj yeem ntsuas nws qhov tob kom tau txais lub tswv yim ntawm lub siab lub khob raug; Yog tias koj tuaj yeem ua raws li qhov tawg no, koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas seb nws nthuav dav li cas thoob plaws hauv cov khoom siv thiab sim tiv thaiv nws yav tom ntej, los ntawm kev hloov kho cov muaj pes tsawg leeg los yog cov tshuaj hardening.
Nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv no, tus so ntawm Amin pab neeg tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas tib yam khoom tsis ua haujlwm ib zaug ntxiv. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, lawv siv lub zog nias, tso cov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm granite, pob zeb thiab asphalt nto, tso ntau yam khoom rau hauv iav thiab feem ntau siv ntau cov cuab yeej tsim tsim kev tsim txom nrog lub arsenal ntawm cov lus qhia pob zeb diamond. Lawv txawm muaj lub koob yees duab ceev ceev uas muaj peev xwm sau tau ib lab thav ntawv ib ob, uas tuaj yeem ua ke rau kev kawm ntawm iav khoov thiab tawg tawg.
Txawm li cas los xij, txhua yam kev puas tsuaj uas tswj tau them rau lub tuam txhab. Piv rau thawj version, Gorilla Glass 2 yog nees nkaum feem pua muaj zog dua (thiab tus thib peb version yuav tsum tuaj txog ntawm lub khw xyoo tom ntej). Corning cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua tiav qhov no los ntawm kev thawb lub compression ntawm txheej txheej mus rau qhov txwv tsis pub - lawv tau txais kev saib xyuas me ntsis nrog rau thawj version ntawm Gorilla Glass - tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm tawg tawg cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv no. Txawm li cas los xij, iav yog cov khoom tawg yooj yim. Thiab thaum cov ntaub ntawv brittle tiv thaiv compression zoo heev, lawv tsis tshua muaj zog thaum ncab: yog tias koj khoov lawv, lawv tuaj yeem tawg. Tus yuam sij rau Gorilla Glass yog compression ntawm txheej txheej, uas tiv thaiv cov kab nrib pleb los ntawm kev sib kis thoob plaws hauv cov khoom. Yog tias koj tso lub xov tooj, nws cov duab yuav tsis tawg tam sim ntawd, tab sis lub caij nplooj zeeg tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj txaus (txawm tias muaj qhov tawg ntawm lub microscopic txaus) los ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm cov khoom siv. Lub caij nplooj zeeg me ntsis tom ntej tuaj yeem muaj qhov tshwm sim loj. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv uas yog txhua yam hais txog kev sib haum xeeb, txog kev tsim kom pom qhov zoo kawg nkaus.
Peb rov qab los ntawm lub Hoobkas Harrodsburg, qhov twg ib tug txiv neej nyob rau hauv ib tug dub Gorilla iav T-shirt ua hauj lwm nrog ib daim ntawv ntawm iav raws li nyias li 100 microns (kwv yees lub thickness ntawm txhuas ntawv ci). Lub tshuab nws ua haujlwm khiav cov khoom siv los ntawm ntau cov chais, los ntawm cov iav tawm khoov zoo li lub ci ntsa iab loj ntawm daim ntawv pob tshab. Qhov no zoo kawg nkaus nyias thiab rollable khoom yog hu ua Willow. Tsis zoo li Gorilla Glass, uas ua haujlwm me ntsis zoo li armor, Willow tuaj yeem sib piv ntau dua li lub tsho tiv nag. Nws yog ruaj thiab lub teeb thiab muaj peev xwm ntau. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Corning ntseeg tias cov khoom siv tuaj yeem pom cov ntawv thov hauv cov qauv siv smartphone hloov tau thiab cov duab OLED ultra-nyias. Ib lub tuam txhab hluav taws xob kuj xav pom Willow siv nyob rau hauv hnub ci vaj huam sib luag. Ntawm Corning, lawv txawm pom e-phau ntawv nrog nplooj iav.
Muaj ib hnub, Willow yuav xa 150 meters ntawm iav ntawm loj reels. Qhov ntawd yog, yog tias ib tug neeg txiav txim tiag tiag. Txog tam sim no, cov coils zaum tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub Hoobkas Harrodsburgh, tos qhov teeb meem raug tshwm sim.
tsab xov xwm zoo, ua tsaug!
Nthuav tsab xov xwm :) tab sis kuv xav paub yuav ua li cas lub iav Gorilla tig tawm ntawm Steve's :) ua qauv qhia ntawm qhov project :) ... qhov tseeb, hauv kuv lub tswv yim nws yuav ua tiav ntawm 1 :)
Nthuav tsab xov xwm :) tab sis kuv xav paub yuav ua li cas lub iav Gorilla tig tawm ntawm Steve's :) ua qauv qhia ntawm qhov project :) ... qhov tseeb, hauv kuv lub tswv yim nws yuav ua tiav ntawm 1 :)
Nws yog nyob rau hauv phau ntawv Steve Jobs ;)
ua tsaug :)
Zoo ib yam! :-)
Zoo ib yam! :-)
Kuv yeej nyiam nyeem ntawv thiab kawm ntau heev. Ua tsaug ntau.
Kab lus zoo heev, ua tsaug rau nws. Tus txiv neej kawm ib yam dab tsi nthuav. Cov kws sau ntawv los ntawm zive.cz thiab spol tuaj yeem kawm qee yam..
Qhov no yog li cas kuv xav txog lub apple server! Jablickar coj :) ua tsaug
Txog tam sim no tsab xov xwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Jablickari xyoo no. Thiab hauv SJ's CV tsis muaj ib feem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muab ntawm no. Ua tsaug!
Tos, yog li thawj iPhone twb siv Gorilla, los yog dab tsi? Txwv tsis pub, tsab xov xwm zoo. :)
Nws yog li ntawd. Lawv pib hloov los ntawm yas mus rau Gorilla Glass thaum kawg.
Lus zoo :D…. Puas muaj leej twg paub tias nws muaj iphone 5 gorilla iav 2???
Tsab ntawv zoo kawg nkaus! Ua tsaug!
Qhov ntawd yog qhov kuv tab tom tos thiab vim li cas kuv tuaj ntawm no. Tsuas yog ntau thiab ntau zaus, thov!
Cov lus zoo! Ntau ntawm cov no thiab kuv mam li smack nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm tus editor thiab txhais lus!
Kuv qhuas tias thaum lub sij hawm uas ib qho "loj" xov xwm lub vev xaib feem ntau tab tom nrhiav rau cov duab uas tsis tau tshaj tawm ntawm Kate (txawm tias cov servers hauv tsev tsis nco qab txog Iveta Bartošová ob peb hnub!), Jablíčkář nqa cov lus qhia. Ua tsaug! :-)
Frodo
Ua tsaug rau cov lus zoo, khaws cia.
Lus zoo! Kuv nyeem nws hauv ib qho zaum :-), zoo li zaj dab neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo (lossis science ntawv tseeb, hehe)
Ua tsaug!
Ua tsaug rau ib tsab xov xwm zoo, kuv xav tias nws tsim nyog nqis peev koj lub sij hawm los pw tsaug zog rau ib yam dab tsi uas muaj nqis heev.
tsab xov xwm zoo! Ua tsaug!
Auj, tam sim no kuv xav tsis thoob kiag li!
Ib zaug ntxiv, ib tug yuav qhia kuv: "Nws ib txwm yog ib lub xov tooj ruam xwb!".
Xijpeem, hauv tsab xov xwm no sau tau zoo heev, Kuv ploj lawm fa Corning cov khoom siv riam phom rau USAF. Txij li thaum xyoo 60s, lawv tau muab lawv cov iav tempered rau ib feem ntawm lub frontal ib feem ntawm lub cockpit ntawm fighter dav hlau kom nce kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov neeg tsav dav hlau, xws li thaum muaj kev sib tsoo nrog cov noog, tab sis ntawm chav kawm kuj tiv thaiv missiles. thiab yog tias kuv tsis yuam kev, lawv tau sau ntau cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev paub ntawm no txog kev txhim kho thiab tsim cov khoom siv no. Thiab raws li nws tshwm sim, nws tau siv ntau dua 50 xyoo rau cov thev naus laus zis no kom ncav cuag cov neeg pej xeem.
Cov ntawv zoo, khaws cia :-)
Zoo, xws li ib tug nicely sau technically focused tsab xov xwm, ... kaus mom tawm, ua tsaug.
Jenda Pilsenskı
Vajtswv tsab xov xwm!! BTW lub Willow iav yog qhov nthuav ... Kuv txaus siab saib seb nws coj li cas thaum sim crumple thaum nws zoo li tin foil ;) thiab nws zoo li cas nrog khawb tsis kam.